Energy flow through living systems is the focus of the biochemistry subfield known as bioenergetics. Transferring and converting energy is a topic of active biological research. It has uses in structural biology, mitochondrial metabolism, and diseases of that metabolism. The goal of the peer-reviewed, open-access Bioenergetics Journal is to publish the most thorough and trustworthy source of information on new findings and advancements in all fields of study through the publication of original articles, review articles, case studies, short communications, etc. and to make this information freely accessible online to researchers all over the world without any restrictions or additional subscriptions.

A biological membrane, also known as a bio membrane or cell membrane, is a selectively permeable membrane that divides a cell's interior from its surroundings or establishes intracellular compartments by acting as a wall between different parts of the cell. When it comes to eukaryotic cell membranes, biological membranes are composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded, integral, and peripheral proteins that are employed for chemical and ion transport as well as communication. Proteins can rotate and spread laterally in a fluid matrix to the majority of lipid in a cell membrane, which is necessary for physiological activity. Proteins are adapted to the high membrane fluidity of the lipid bilayer by having an annular lipid shell on their surface, which is made up of lipid molecules that are closely linked. The isolating tissues made up of layers of cells, such as mucous membranes, basement membranes, and serous membranes, are different from the cell membranes. The existence of lipid micro domains within the plasma membrane, known as rafts, which are thought to be crucial for its complicated activity, is one intriguing problem in membrane biophysics. A significant amount of recent experimental wor k suggests that biological membranes are not laterally homogeneous, but rather floating domains with distinct lipid and protein composition. This is contrary to the current view of structural organisation of a biological membrane, which is still heavily reliant on the fluid-mosaic model of a fluid-lipid bilayer proposed by Singer and Nicholson in 1972. The mechanism at the molecular level that dictates the make-up of these domains and their precise functional responsibilities is still not fully known. Furthermore, a number of lateral transport mechanisms exist for a number of membrane proteins, in addition to the random motion anticipated by the fluid mosaic model. Micro domains that exhibit coexisting liquid phases under specific parameters of temperature, lateral pressure, and composition have been found in some lipid combinations, such as cholesterol. The size of the membrane domains in this instance varies from a few hundred lipid diameters (100-200 nm) to one micrometre. The plasma membrane of mammalian cells is the biological membrane system where the existence of lateral domains has now been demonstrated with absolute certainty. Raft domains seem to be quite tiny and most likely heterogeneous in living cells. This may help to explain why they have evaded direct microscopic visualisation. Using single-particle tracking of the thermal position fluctuation, it was possible to provide indirect proof that small rafts exist, demonstrating that raft-associated membrane proteins are persistently linked to a small, cholesterol-dependent lipid assembly of around 50 nm in diameter.